Vocabulary words and phrases used in Digital Media Marketing

Here are some words and phrases used by Digital Media Marketing Professionals:

Ad banner

A graphic message or other media used as an advertisement

Banner

A graphic advertising image displayed on a Web page

Blog

Generic name for any Web site featuring regular posts arranged chronologically, • typically inviting public comments from readers. Blog postings are generally short and informal, and blog software is generally free and very easy for individual users, making it a popular tool for online diaries, as well as more professional publications.

Browser

A software program that can request, download, cache and display • documents available on the World Wide Web.

Channel

A band of similar content. A type of sales outlet (also known as channel of • distribution).

Click through

The action of following a link within an advertisement or editorial content to • another Web site or another page or frame within the Web site

Cookie

A small piece of information (i.e., program code) that is stored on a browser for the • purpose of identifying that browser during audience activity and between visits or sessions

CPC (cost per click)

Cost of advertising based on the number of clicks received

Demographics

Common characteristics used for population or audience • segmentation, such as age, gender, household income, etc.

Display advertising

A form of online advertising where an advertiser’s message is • shown on a destination Web page, generally set off in a box at the top or bottom or to one side of the content of the page.

Domain name

The unique name that identifies an Internet site

E-mail advertising

Banner ads, links or advertiser sponsor ships that appear in • e-mail newsletters, e-mail marketing campaigns and other commercial e-mail communications

GIF (Graphic Interchange Format)

A standard Web graphic format that uses • compression to store and display images.

Gigabyte

One gigabyte equals 1,000 megabytes

Home page

The page designated as the main point of entry of a Web site (or main • page) or the starting point when a browser first connects to the Internet. Typically, it welcomes visitors and introduces the purpose of the site, or the organization sponsoring it and then provides links to other pages within the site.

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

A set of codes called markup tags in a plain text • file that determine what information is retrieved and how it is rendered by a browser.

HTTP (Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol)

The format most commonly used to transfer • documents on the World Wide Web.

Hyperlink

A clickable link, e.g., on a Web page or within an e-mail, that sends the user • to a new URL when activated.

Internet

The worldwide system of computer networks providing reliable and • redundant connectivity between disparate computers and systems by using common transport and data protocols known as TCP/IP.

IP Address

Internet protocol numerical address assigned to each computer on the • Internet so that its location and activities can be distinguished from those of other computers.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

Standard Web graphic file format that uses a • compression technique to reduce graphic file sizes.

Keyword

Specific word(s) entered into a search engine by the user that result(s) in a list • of Web sites related to the keyword

Link

A clickable connection between two Web sites. Formally referred to as• a hyperlink

Page view

When the page is actually seen by the user.•

Pay-per-Click

An advertising pricing model in which advertisers pay agencies and/or • media companies based on how many users clicked on an online ad or e-mail message

Query

A request for information, usually to a search engine

SEO (Search Engine Optimization)

Process of improving the volume and quality of • traffic to a Web site from search engines via “natural” (organic or algorithmic) search results.

SMS (Short Message Service)

Standard for sending and receiving short (160 character) • text messages via mobile handsets.

Target audience

The intended audience for an ad, usually defined in terms of specific • demographics (age, sex, income, etc.), product purchase behavior, product usage or media usage.

Text messaging

Common term for the sending of “short” (160 characters or fewer) text • messages, using the Short Message Service, from mobile phones.

Traffic

The flow of data over a network or visitors to a Web site.

Unduplicated audience

The number of unique individuals exposed to a specified • domain, page or ad in a specified period of time.

Unduplicated audience

The number of unique individuals exposed to a specified • domain, page or ad in a specified period of time.

Unique visitor

A unique user who accesses the Web site within a specific time period.•

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

The unique identifying address of any particular • page on the Web. It contains all the information required to locate a resource, including its protocol (usually HTTP), server domain name (or IP address), file path (directory and name) and format (usually HTML or CGI).

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)

A specification for a set of communication • protocols to standardize the way that wireless devices, such as mobile phones, PDAs and others access and browse Internet-based content.

Yield

The percentage of clicks vs. impressions on an ad within a specific page. Also • called click rate.

Terms and phrases used by Medical Professionals

Here are some vocabulary words and phrases used by Medical Professionals:

Abscess

Swollen, inflamed, tender area of infection filled with pus.

Acidosis

Pathologic condition resulting from accumulation of too much acid in the body.

Acute pulmonary edema

Set of dramatic, life-threatening symptoms, including extreme shortness of breath, rapid breathing, anxiety, cough, bluish lips and nails, and sweating. Usually caused by congestive heart failure.

Angina (Angina pectoris)

Chest pain or pressure usually beneath the sternum (breastbone). Caused by inadequate blood supply to the heart. Often brought on by exercise, emotional upset or heavy meals in someone who has heart disease

Arthritis

Inflammatory condition of the joints, characterized by pain and swelling

Asphyxia

Loss of consciousness due to too little oxygen and too much carbon dioxide in the blood. If not corrected, it results in death.

Asthma

Chronic disorder with recurrent attacks of wheezing and shortness of breath

Autoimmune disease

Disease in which the immune system produces antibodies that attack the

body's own tissues

Beta-blockers

Medications that reduce heart or blood vessel overactivity to improve blood

circulation.

Bone marrow

Specialized soft tissue that fills the core of bones. Most of the body's red and white blood cells are produced in bone marrow

Bronchitis

Acute or chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a virus, although secondary bacterial infection is common. May also be caused from breathing chemical irritants (fumes, smoke, dust). Symptoms include cough, fever, chest discomfort and sometimes wheezing. Treatment includes rest, acetaminophen, expectorants to loosen mucus, increased fluid intake and antibiotics to fight bacterial infection.

Calcium

Component of blood that helps regulate the heartbeat, transmit nerve impulses, contract

muscles and form bone and teeth.

Cataract

Clouding of the eye lens. A common cause of vision loss. Most commonly occurs in people over age 70. Congenital cataracts occur in newborns as genetic defects or from the mother having rubella (German measles) during the first 3 months of pregnancy. Other causes are rare. Usually curable with surgical removal of the lens. Special eyeglasses or contact lenses are needed after surgery.

Catheter

Hollow tube used to introduce fluids into the body or to drain fluids from the body.

Chronic

Long-term; continuing. Chronic illnesses are usually not curable, but they can often be prevented from worsening. Symptoms usually can be controlled.

Congenital anomalies

Abnormality of the body present at birth; a birth defect. May be inherited or caused by conditions occurring while the fetus grows in the uterus.

Congestive heart failure

Complication of many serious diseases in which the heart loses its full

pumping capacity. Blood backs up into other organs, especially the lungs and liver.

Coronary artery bypass surgery

Using a section of the patient's leg vein to bypass a partial or

complete blockage in the coronary artery system. (Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle.)

Surgery may be performed to provide relief from angina pectoris, to restore blood to the heart muscle

after myocardial infarction (heart attack) or to prevent a possible myocardial infarction (if the coronary

arteries have narrowed or are blocked).

Coronary artery disease

Hardening and narrowing of the coronary arteries that provide blood to the

heart muscle. The blood supply is decreased due to narrowing of the arteries; heart cells do not receive

adequate oxygen. This disease often results in angina pectoris or myocardial infarction. Treatment can

prolong life and improve its quality. Treatment may include medication, diet change, an exercise program and sometimes surgery.

Cyst

Sac or cavity filled with fluid or disease matter

Cyanosis

Bluish discoloration of skin, lips and nails. Caused by lack of oxygen.

Diabetes mellitus: Insulin dependent

Inability to produce enough insulin to process carbohydrates, fat and protein efficiently. Treatment requires insulin injections.

Diabetes mellitus: Non-insulin dependent

Disease of metabolism characterized by the body's

inability to produce enough insulin to process carbohydrates, fat and protein efficiently. Most prevalent

among obese adults. Often controlled with weight loss, exercise and diet.

Ectopic pregnancy

Pregnancy that develops outside the uterus. The most common site is one of the narrow tubes that connect each ovary to the uterus (Fallopian tube). Other sides include the ovary or abdominal cavity.

Edema

Accumulation of fluid under the skin (swelling), in the lungs or elsewhere

Epilepsy

Disorder of brain function. There are several forms of epilepsy, each with its own

characteristics. Cause is usually unknown (75% of the time) but may be due to brain damage at birth,

severe head injury, drug or alcohol abuse, brain infection or brain tumor. It is incurable, except in rare

cases where brain tumor or infection is treatable. Anti-seizure drugs can prevent most seizures and allow a nearly normal life.

Fibroids

Abnormal growth of cells in the muscular wall of the uterus (myometrium). Uterine fibroids are composed of abnormal muscle cells and are almost always benign. Cause is unknown. Usually decreases in size without treatment after menopause

Gallbladder disease

Any disease involving the gallbladder or biliary tract. The gallbladder is a

reservoir for bile; the biliary tract is the passageway that transports bile to the small intestine. Gallbladder disease is a common, often painful condition requiring surgery. It is commonly associated with gallstones and inflammation.

Gangrene

Dead tissue. Develops when a wound becomes infected or tissue is destroyed by an accident

Goiter

Enlargement of the thyroid gland, which causes a swelling in the front part of the neck.

Hemophilia

Inherited deficiency of a blood clotting factor that may result in bleeding episodes. Characterized by bleeding into joints, muscles and skin, excessive bleeding from minor cuts, nosebleeds

Hernia

Protrusion of an internal organ through a weakness or abnormal opening in the muscle around it. The most common types are inguinal hernia (in groin), femoral hernia (in groin), incisional hernia (at surgery site), umbilical hernia (at navel) and hiatal hernia. See Hiatal hernia. Umbilical hernias rarely require surgery. Other hernias are usually curable with surgery.

Histology

Science dealing with the microscopic identification of cells and tissue

Hypertension (High blood pressure)

Increase in the force of blood against the arteries as blood circulates through them. Often has no symptoms. Essential or primary hypertension, the most common kind, has no single identifiable cause. Secondary hypertension is caused by an underlying disease.

Hyperventilation

Breathing so rapidly that carbon dioxide levels in the blood are decreased,

upsetting normal blood chemistry. Can be caused by fever, heart disease, lung disease or severe injury. Can also be caused by anxiety. May be accompanied by numbness and tingling of mouth, hands and feet, weakness and faintness.

Immunodeficiency diseases

Defects in the body's immune system. A healthy immune system protects the body against germs (bacteria, viruses, fungi), cancer (partial protection) and any foreign material that enters the body. When the system fails, the body becomes susceptible to infection and cancer. Can range from minor to very severe.

Malaria

Infection caused by a single cell parasite transmitted by the bite of an anopheles mosquito. Uncommon in the U.S., but often affects travelers or military personnel stationed in foreign countries.

Meningitis

Inflammation or infection of the meninges. See Meninges. It is contagious and may be caused by viruses, fungi or bacteria. Symptoms may include fever, headache, stiff neck, irritability, sensitivity of eyes to light, confusion, drowsiness or unconsciousness. Death or permanent brain damage may occur if treatment is delayed (especially in bacterial meningitis). Usually full recovery may be expected in 2 to 3 weeks, if there are no complications

Mitral valve

Valves located in the heart between the left atrium and left ventricle

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

Chronic disorder affecting many nervous system functions. Patches of white matter in the brain and spinal cord break down and cannot conduct normal nerve impulses. Usually begins in young adulthood. Early signs of the disease are often vague, including visual problems, abnormal skin sensations and muscle weakness or imbalance. Later, symptoms may include marked weakness, speech difficulty, loss of bladder or bowel control, and extreme mood swings. Currently not curable. Symptoms can be relieved or controlled with treatment. One-third of MS patients have a mild, nonprogressive disease. Another third worsen slowly. The rest worsen rapidly.

Myocardial infarction (Heart attack)

Death of heart muscle cells from reduced or obstructed blood flow through the coronary arteries

Necrosis

Localized death of tissue that occurs in groups of cells in response to disease or injury.

Osteoarthritis (Degenerative joint disease)

Degeneration of cartilage at a joint and growth of bone SPURS that inflame surrounding tissue. Can be caused by stress on the joint due to activity and aging or from an injury to the joint lining. Symptoms include stiffness and pain of the affected joint. Cold, damp weather often increases pain.

Phlebitis

Inflammation of a vein.

Pneumonia

Inflammation of the lung(s) resulting in tiny air sacs in the lung becoming plugged with exudate. Can be caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi.

Polyps

Growths. Often on a stalk arising from dry mucous membranes, such as in the nose, cervix or colon.

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Vocabulary used in Electrical Engineering

Here are some vocabulary terms used in Electrical Engineering:

Alternating current (AC):

Alternating current is a form of

electricity in which the current alternates in direction (and

the voltage alternates in polarity) at a frequency defined

by the generator (usually between 50 and 60 times per

second, ie, 50 - 60 hertz).

Ampere:

The standard unit of electrical current.

Arc welding:

A group of welding procedures that fuse

metal pieces by melting them together, using heat from

an electric arc between an electrode and the work piece

Back-to-back connection:

In HVDC terms, links used to

connect neighboring grids are often referred to as “backto-

back” connections, indicating that the distance

between the two grids is minimal.

Barge:

In the oil and gas industry, a barge is an unpowered

multipurpose marine vessel. Barges are used as

cargo tankers, equipment and supply carriers, crane

platforms and support and accommodation bases in

offshore drilling, and as submarine pipe-laying vessels.

Biofuel:

Fuel derived from biomass, ie, (recently) living

organisms. This does not include fossil fuels such as coal

and oil, which are derived from ancient organisms. Bioethanol,

a fuel derived from sugar cane, corn and similar

materials is an example of a biofuel.

Blackout:

A complete loss of power resulting from damage

or equipment failure in a power station, power lines or

other parts of the power system.

Brownout:

A dip in the voltage level of a power system,

which can damage electrical equipment or cause it to

under perform, eg, lights dim.

Charging station:

An installation at which an electric

vehicle can be plugged into the grid to charge its battery.

Circuit breaker:

Devices that interrupt high currents to

protect electrical equipment from damage caused by

current surges, eg, from a short circuit or a lightning

strike.

Conductor:

An electrical conductor is any substance

through which electrical current can flow.

Converter:

An electrical device, comprising a rectifier

and inverter, used to alter the voltage and frequency of

incoming alternating current in an electrical system.

Current:

The rate at which electrons flow through a

circuit is defined as the current. If an electric circuit is

likened to water flowing through a system of pipes, the

current is analogous to the rate at which the water is

flowing. Electric current is measured in amps.

Distributed generation:

This term refers to electricity

generating installations that are scattered across the grid,

rather than placed at a central location.

Electrical drive train:

In the wind power industry, this

term refers to the combination of the a wind turbine’s

generator, converter and transformer

Emissions:

The release or discharge of substances,

effluents or pollutants into the environment

Fault-closing device:

A system of circuit breakers that

serves to contain a fault in a grid, preventing it from

spreading to other areas and causing widespread

disruption.

Feeder:

Overhead lines or cables that are used to distribute

electrical power to consumers

Fuel cell: A device in which chemical energy released by

the oxidation of a liquid (such as methanol) or gaseous

fuel is converted directly into electrical energy

High-current transients:

Short spikes of high electrical

current in a grid, caused by lightning strikes, or rapid

switching of electrical devices in the grid.

I/O(Input/output):

A device that enables communication

between electronic equipment and external devices,

including human operators. Examples of I/O devices

include computer keyboards, printers, sensors and all

type of interface cards.

Infrared thermography:

A method used to measure the

status of equipment by analyzing the amount of heat it

radiates.

Insulator:

A material that does not conduct electric

current, such as plastic, some kinds of silicon or glass.

The term can also refer to a material that does not conduct

heat.

Key performance indicator (KPI):

A measurable objective

used by organizations to monitor progress towards a

specific goal. Such measures are commonly used to

define and evaluate an organization’s performance

against internal benchmarks or those of peer

organizations.

Load:

A load in electrical terms is the power consumed

by a device or a circuit. Load is also used to describe the

total of all electricity consumers in a power system.

Manifold:

An arrangement of connected pipe and valves

used to consolidate multiple pumps, tanks, and/or pipelines

and a single unit.

Megawatt (MW):

One million watts. One megawatt would

be needed to light 10,000 one-hundred-watt light bulbs. If

those bulbs were powered for 1 hour, 1 MWh of electrical

power would be used.

Microgrid:

A microgrid is a small-scale power network

that comprises generating units and consumers. Often

including renewable power sources such as wind turbines

and solar panels, microgrids may also be connected to

the larger-scale grids from which they can draw power if

locally generated supplies fail to meet demand.

Mobile substation:

A substation that can be transported,

usually by truck, to temporarily replace equipment at

the site of a failure or in the event of planned maintenance.

Ohm:

Unit of electrical resistance. If a 1 volt source is

connected to a wire with a resistance of 1 ohm, then 1

ampere of electric current will flow.